If you live in the eastern part of the United States and have access to vernal ponds, you might want to go on a night hunt in search of the spotted salamander.
Get out your flashlight and put on your wading boots because the area around vernal ponds can sometimes be muddy. The absolute best time to find the spotted salamander is after a rainfall just as winter is becoming spring, mid-March through mid-April. This is a very small window of opportunity to find one, as these hibernating amphibians will wake up and march in great numbers in search of the closest vernal pond. It is here that a new generation of salamander eggs are laid.
As larvae, the spotted salamander is dull green in color. It will lie low in the vernal pond under debris. They will live in the vernal pool breathing with the use of gills for up to 4 months. If the vernal pond should go dry before the salamanders reach the juvenile stage, they will not survive. If they reach adulthood, the spotted salamander dons a black body with irregular yellowish-orange spots and black vertical costal lines arising from a grey underbelly. It has a wide snout, perfect for tunneling and burrowing, and gives it the name “mole salamander”.
These salamanders prefer the privacy of the vernal pond to a body of steady open water, like a pond or stream, because there would be a higher number of predators to eat the eggs and larvae. After a few months of living and growing in the pond, the spotted salamander will leave the pond, spending the bulk of its life in a burrow in a deciduous forest. Then the salamanders will emerge once a year and relocate to the vernal pond where it will lay its eggs and begin the cycle over again.
After the salamanders become adults, they prowl for food at night making them nocturnal hunters. Using their sticky tongue, they eat anything small enough to swallow like worms, crickets, spiders, and slugs.
A an adult, the spotted salamander hides in its burrow below the leaf litter, can separate itself from its tail, and excrete a poisonous substance from glands around its neck, all in an effort to protect itself from predators. Akin to other salamanders they also have the ability to regenerate or grow new body parts if it becomes injured.
The spotted salamander is not a threatened species but they are susceptible to environmental threats such as the destruction of wetlands or acid rain and the actions of humans.
If you haven’t found a spotted salamander in its natural setting on your own, perhaps a trip to the Sally Rally will increase your knowledge and appreciation of amphibians. The Promised Land State Park in Pennsylvania has organized walks to admire the spotted salamander. The time to go is now.

Spotted Salamander taken by Kristen Fuller
http://events.dcnr.pa.gov/promised_land_state_park#.WO5NZYWcHIU
http://www.paherps.com/herps/salamanders/
http://srelherp.uga.edu/salamanders/ambmac.htm
http://www.naturalheritage.state.pa.us/VernalPool_Salamanders.aspx
http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/amphibians/spotted-salamander/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spotted_salamander
https://www.nwf.org/Wildlife/Wildlife-Library/Amphibians-Reptiles-and-Fish/Spotted-Salamander.aspx

Johanna Staton, Me, Shiela Fuller at one of the NJSCBWI events.
Shiela Fuller has been a Cornell University Project Feeder Watch participant for many years and an avid birder since 1988. Currently, she enjoys writing picture books, yoga, chicken raising, wildlife photography, and is the legacy keeper for her family.